[Changes of glycosaminoglycans in the brain tissue of diabetic rats]

Diabetes mellitus affects the metabolism of components of extra cellular matrix such as Glycosaminoglycans. Although the changes of Glycosaminoglycans have been attended but investigation of the changes of Glycosaminoglycans in the brain tissue of diabetic rat is still in early stages. Investigation of changes of Glycosaminoglycans in brain of diabetic rats. Based on an experimental study, 20 male Rats [Wistar, weight 200-250 gr] were randomly divided to two groups; experimental [diabetic, N=10] and non-experimental [non-diabetic, N=10]. A single dose of Alloxan [120ml/ km] was injected to the experimental group. Three months after injection, the slides were prepared from the brain of the rats and studied after stained by Hematoxylin- Eosin and Schmorl's method and Critical Electrolyte Concentration [CEC 1-4]. CEC staining showed that Heparin sulfate was the only Glycosaminoglycans which have been decreased in the brain tissue of the experimental group and any deposits in neurons, particularly Lipofuscin pigments were not expressed in used of Schmorl's method. According to the important roles of Heparin sulfate in normal functions of the nervous system and its role in repairing of the nervous tissue's injury, decrease of Heparin Sulfate, a kind of Glycosaminoglycans, could induce nervous injury and disorder in brain functions

[Influence of diazinon on spermatogenesis in mice]

Diazinon [DZN] is an organophosphate that inhibits of acetylcolinesterase activity by phosphorylating is active site, in which could be resulted in damages of germinal cells and reproductive functions. Since this compound is extensively using in the agriculture, especially in the northern regions of Iran in order to control of pests, the present study was performed to investigate the influence of DZN on spermatogenesis in mice. Male mice were divided into three experimental, sham and control groups. The animals in the experimental group were injected with the consecutive doses of DZN [30mg/kg i.p, five consecutive days per week for one month]. The sham mice were received only water injection and no injection was performed on animals in the control group. Animals were scarified 35 days after the latest injection of DZN. Then, the mice testis sections were prepared and morphologic aspects of testis and spermatogenesis processes assessed. The DZN showed a significant decrease in number of germ cells, spermatocytes, spermatids, Leydig cells, blood vessels. In addition, the diameter of seminiferous in the testis of the mice decreased. The current finding showed that Diazinon is an environmental factor that can cause toxic effects on the morphologic parameters of germ cells. These results suggested that the DZN might be a factor that results in infertility in mice